Explore Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage

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This collection includes job aids that will help you to design, implement, monitor and evaluate your household water treatment program. These practical resources are easy to use and include tools and templates for budgeting, reporting, needs assessment, gap analysis and more.

A collection of short e-learning tools and job aids to help humanitarian and development workers test the quality of drinking water under field conditions.

A collection of short e-learning tools and job aids to help water technicians treat, disinfect and safely handle drinking water under field conditions.

Wondering how you can provide safe drinking water in homes, schools and clinics in your community? Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) is a simple and effective solution. Find all the basics to get started here!

This poster set includes water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) posters to teach about good WASH practices, including household water treatment technologies.

Stop Microbes Poster Set

This collection of competency frameworks can be used by individuals and organizations in two main ways: Assess job performance and compare it against defined standards Identify potential areas for professional development to improve overall performance Competencies are the abilities required to perform specific tasks and express specific knowledge. CAWST’s competency frameworks use behavioural or task-based competencies in combination with knowledge components.

In this series of unboxing videos, you will discover methods to make your water safe to drink.

This collection contains the resources for both trainers and participants for the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage Program Design workshop. The intended participants are people responsible for making decisions about HWTS program design and implementation.

Discover how other people run their HWTS projects, what works and what they would change if they could by checking out the following case studies and resources.

This collection of materials includes trainer tools and resources to promote the behaviours to purchase, use, and maintain a ceramic candle filter in Nepal. The intervention is called, "Take no chances!"

This workshop is especially designed targeting total sanitation in community. With the whim of attaining open defecation free, the focus is shifted in constructing latrine; the quantitative goal only. However, this workshop is more focused on WASH details and headed to achieve safe water, improved sanitation, proper hygiene and their sustainability. Along with total sanitation, the flavor of delivering effective training adds up more weightage in training, with knowledge enhance the knowledge as well as skill of the trainer.

Water Safety Planning

This collection contains the resources for both trainers and participants for the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage workshop. This two to three day workshop provides an introduction to drinking water quality, the Multi-Barrier Approach to safe drinking water, household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) options, behaviour change, and implementation best practices. The intended participants are people responsible for making decisions about HWTS selection and implementation.

These disease cards give an overview of the distribution, cause, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of common water-related diseases.

This collection contains the resources to support the professional development needs of our clients and partners in biosand filter quality control. It contains an overview of our competency framework, as well as useful tools to help biosand filter technicians improve their skills. The competency framework includes tools for three different areas: constructing concrete boxes, preparing the filtration sand and gravel, and installing filters.

This is an introductory level workshop that was co-developed with our partners in Afghanistan at DACAAR. This workshop is for those who are just starting to work in the Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene sector. It covers the basic of WASH which include topics of disease transmission, household water treatment, solid waste management, vector control, sanitation, hygiene, and behaviour change.

This poster was created by the Haitian government using CAWST's images to educate people about how to prevent cholera.

Data Collection Methods is a tool to support program design teams with formative research during the analysis phase and throughout their program.

Approaches to program design provides examples of approaches or activities that can be used to create demand to engage with stakeholders.

This logic framework for monitoring and evaluation is essential to ensuring impact in any program. Ensuring sustainable program goals and behaviours.

This PESTLE analysis template identifies the factors that could impact the program and provides the space to document the findings.

A PESTLE analysis is a form of formative research that allows a program to identify and analyze factors that are or could impact the program.

Stakeholder analysis allows program teams to gather information to determine whose interests, priorities, and goals should be considered for a WASH program.

Capacity is developed on three different levels — individual, organizational, and enabling environments. These instructions will support the program team.

This capacity development needs assessment Toolkit will support the program to analyze their programs different stakeholders.

A stakeholder analysis is a working document that you start at the beginning of every project and update periodically.

This tool aims to help your program with its formative research by defining the behaviour it wants to change and supporting the program team to gather information.

A water hygiene and sanitation needs assessment guide reviews the basic WASH needs/discrepancies between the current condition and the wanted or required status.

A water hygiene and sanitation needs assessment is a review process for determining and addressing essential WASH needs/discrepancies of a community or population.

This program reporting guideline supports program teams in reporting essential data, updates and changes. Information was selected from a variety of sources.

This report template offers one example of what a report could include. The following reporting structure may be a useful guide.

This budget template is created as an activity budget. Activity budgets separate the program into smaller groups of activities.

A budget is a communication and planning tool essential for the effective design of any program. This Budgeting Tips Guide supports program design teams.

The GANTT chart template provides program designers and managers a visual understanding of a program's tasks and overall schedule spanning the program’s duration.

The gap analysis is used to assist with identifying both the desired or expected state and practices and the current state and practices.

Lessons learned are an opportunity to reflect on activities or interventions and appreciate what worked well and should be kept or what could be improved.

Learn to identify different types of pathogens, and to describe microbiological indicator organisms. Also examine the impacts of priority chemicals on drinking water.

Are you confused about figuring out concentration and what units to use in water quality testing? This tool will help you make sense of it all, and will let you practice your unit conversion skills.

At the end of this module, you will be able to discuss the importance of diluting water samples and to calculate a Dilution Factor.

Learn to identify and compare different chemical test methods.

Learn to identify and evaluate different microbiological testing methods.

This tool teaches you step-by-step how to use a pool test kit to measure pH, free chlorine and total chlorine. It also includes troubleshooting tips.

Learn how to properly count the number of bacteria in a water sample.

Learn how to correctly measure turbidity using a turbidity tube.

Interpreting data is an important part of drinking water quality testing. You need to know how to make basic conclusions and recommendations, and to identify common errors in recording DWQT data. This module will help you acquire those skills.

Learn about the best practices and sanitary methods that limit errors and prevent secondary or cross contamination when collecting water samples for testing. 

How well does solar disinfection work? Learn about the advantages and limitations of using a clear bottle placed in the sun to disinfect drinking water.

What are the benefits and drawbacks of using a membrane filter? Learn about using a membrane filter in a point-of-use water treatment system.

Why would you use a biosand filter in a point-of-use water treatment system? Learn about the strengths and limitations of the Biosand filter.

Considering ceramic candle filters for your point-of-use water treatment system? Learn about their advantages and limitations, in this module.

Explore the advantages and limitations of using a ceramic pot filter in a point-of-use water treatment system.

How well does cloth filtration work? Learn about the advantages and limitations of using a cloth filter in a point-of-use water treatment system.

How do you keep your treated water safe? Learn about how to prevent water from becoming recontaminated during storage and handling.

Learn about the advantages and limitations of using settling as a method of sedimentation in a point-of-use water treatment system.

Learn about the advantages and limitations of using chemical coagulants as a method of sedimentation in a point-of use water treatment system.

Why would you choose a natural coagulant for sedimentation? Learn about their advantages and limitations as a method of sedimentation in a point-of-use water treatment system, in this module.

What influences the quality of water sources? How do you identify the best possible water source for your household or the households you serve? Be a WASH detective to find key sources of contamination and how to prevent them.

You want to treat your water, but what could be your first step? Learn why sedimentation can be a crucial first treatment step in Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage. Discover different ways to reduce the turbidity of water.

What do you need to consider when selecting filtration technologies? To start, we’ll explore the needs and preferences of the user, contamination risks in the water source, performance, affordability, and ease of use.

Water disinfection techniques are capable of destroying microbes without harming humans. Learn how they can be used as part of an HWTS system.

In this interactive module, learn how to ensure water stays safe on its journey from the source to its point of use.

How do you prevent and treat contaminated drinking water? Learn about the multi-barrier approach to ensure that water is safe to drink.

Are you providing households with the best drinking water container possible? Use this checklist to evaluate which type of container is best for your situation and learn how to properly clean the most common drinking water containers.

Contaminated water can be treated to make it safe (sedimentation, filtration, disinfection).

This resource highlights the contribution of household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) to a range of sustainable development goals.

In this unboxing video you'll discover how boiling can be used to make your water safe to drink.

In this unboxing video you'll discover how cloth can be used to strain sand, silt, clay, and some pathogens out of water.

In this unboxing video, you'll discover how to use chlorine to make your water safe to drink.

In this unboxing video you'll discover how the Biosand Filter can be used to make your water safe to drink.

In this unboxing video you'll discover how Ceramic Candle Filters can be used to make your water safe to drink.

In this unboxing video you'll discover how Ceramic Pot Filters can be used to make your water safe to drink.

Learn about how to use household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) as an option to improve access to clean drinking water. HWTS allows people to treat their water where it is consumed, such as in the home, in schools, or in health centres, which is why it is referred to as a “point-of-use treatment."

This lesson introduces the role of capacity development in HWTS programs. Participants practice conducting a capacity needs assessment and selecting appropriate capacity development activities.

This lesson emphasizes the importance of demand creation in successful HWTS programs and the key linkage between understanding behavioural factors and demand creation strategies.

This presentation introduces learners to the ADDIM Program Design theory. (Designed for Lesson Plan: ADDIM Introduction)

This presentation accompanies HWTS Program Design Lesson Plan: Understanding Behaviour

This presentation accompanies HWTS Program Design Lesson Plan: Stakeholder Engagement

This presentation accompanies HWTS Program Design Lesson Plan: Demand Creation

This presentation accompanies HWTS Program Design Lesson Plan: Capacity Development

This presentation accompanies HWTS Program Design Lesson Plan: Finances

This presentation accompanies HWTS Program Design Lesson Plan: Monitoring

These certificate templates can be used for participants upon completing the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage Program Design Workshop.

This is a workshop report template that will guide you in writing a professional report of your Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage Program Design Workshop.

Part of a video series on how to build a biosand filter (BSF). Learn how to remove the concrete filter from the steel mold when the concrete mixtures used to pour the filters were too wet or too dry. Check the quality and see if the filters meet the standards.

Part of a video series on how to build a biosand filter (BSF). It shows step by step how to check the quality of a newly constructed BSF. Learn how to check for flowrate, leaks or cracks and water level. Then how to cure the concrete to make sure the filter will work well for years to come.

Part of a video series on how to build a biosand filter (BSF). It shows the pitfalls of using too wet and too dry concrete mixtures when pouring a BSF concrete filter body.

Part of a video series on how to build a biosand filter (BSF). Learn step by step how to remove a concrete biosand filter (BSF) from a steel mold. Learn tips to make demolding the filter easier and to prevent damage or cracks.

Part of a video series on how to build a biosand filter (BSF). It shows step by step how to pour the concrete into the mold to avoid air pockets and to eliminate cracks between the concrete layers.

Part of a video series on how to build a biosand filter (BSF). Find out how to correctly wash the separation and drainage gravel layers used for installing the filters.

This lesson introduces participants to the concepts of HWTS products, services and supply chains. It elaborates of the complex contextual considerations required when selecting HWTS technologies.

This lesson introduces the different costs of an HWTS program, both obvious and unexpected. Participants will explore various funding and financing models.

Part of a video series on how to build a biosand filter (BSF). It outlines how to correctly install a concrete BSF with layers of gravel and sand and how to check the flowrate.

Appendix 1 of the HWTS Program Design Trainer Manual includes instructions for daily opening and closing review activities.

Appendix 3 of the HWTS Program Design Trainer Manual includes the Participant Workbook that is used throughout the training.

This presentation introduces learners to the HWTS Program Design workshop. (Designed for Lesson Plan: Workshop Introduction)

Part of a video series on how to build a biosand filter (BSF). It oulines what to look for in a BSF steel mold. It includes tips and valuable information about the properties of a mold for the successful construction of a BSF concrete filter body.

Part of a video series on how to build a biosand filter (BSF). It outlines how to clean and oil a BSF mold and to install the outlet tube before pouring the concrete container to achieve a smooth, trouble free concrete filter body.

Part of a video series on how to build a biosand filter (BSF). It outlines how to correctly mix the concrete before pouring the BSF body. It includes tips and tricks to get the right concrete consistency to get a strong filter body with a smooth, even surface.

This video interview explores why to use Drinking Water Quality Testing (DWQT) when implementing a Biosand Filter (BSF) project. The interview with experienced BSF implementers includes Lalit Sharma of Sehgal Foundation (India), Elijah Mutafya of Seeds of Hope International Partnership (Zambia) and Suneel Rajavaram of CAWST (Canada) sharing their experiences using DWQT in support of their BSF projects.

Part of a video series on how to build a biosand filter (BSF). It outlines how to install alternative BSF filter designs.

Part of a video series on how to build a biosand filter (BSF). It demonstrates how to sieve and sort gravel and sand using a mechanical sand sorter to ease the work load when preparing construction materials to build a BSF.

Part 1 of a video series on how to build a biosand filter (BSF). It demonstrates how to sieve and sort gravel and sand to maintain consistent quality during construction of a BSF.

This lesson introduces the impact of behavioural factors in program design. Participants will learn about the behavioural factors of Risk, Ability, Norms, Attitude and Self-Regualtion (RANAS) and how behavioural factors should be considered in setting programatic goals.

In this lesson participants will evaluate how their knowledge of HWTS Program Design has changed over the workshop. Participants will take time to create a personal action plan for continued learning and application, and they will complete a workshop evaluation.

This is the cover of the trainer manual for HWTS Program Design Workshop.

This presentation accompanies HWTS Program Design Lesson Plan: Products and Services

This lesson introduces a fictional village called Panau, participants will learn about the village and their water treatment challenges and practice identifying overall program goals.

This lesson introduces participants to the process of identifying, analyzing and engaging with the different stakeholders that could be involved in a HWTS program.

This is a section of the manual for trainers who are interested in delivering training on HWTS Program Design. It includes agendas, and guidance on training delivery. It does not include lesson plans or appendices.

This lesson outlines why monitoring is critical for all HWTS programs and outlines different monitoring activities and indicators.

This Trainer Manual is for people who organize and facilitate workshops about Household Water Treatment and Storage Program Design. The lesson/module plans and accompanying materials should be adapted by the trainer to the needs of the workshop participants and the context of the country where the participants work.

This handout highlights the most common demand creations strategies used in WASH programs.

If you aim to improve health through safe water, correct, consistent, and continued use of HWTS is key. Learn why it's important to drink safe water every day!

This is the 4-day agenda as part of the HWTS Program Design Workshop.

This is a template of how to display the results of your final evaluations.

This questionnaire is to be handed out at the end of the workshop to give the trainer constructive feedback on the workshop.

This participant List template is a tool that will help you keep a database of participant information.

This questionnaire helps the trainer to understand their audience and their level of knowledge pre-workshop.

This workshop outline contains a workshop description, objectives, audience, content and training materials needed for this workshop.

This lesson opens the workshop and sets the tone for the training and learning environment by using a variety of participatory activities. Participants have an opportunity to meet the trainer, host organization and other participants, as well as create their ground rules for how they are expected to work together during the workshop. The trainer has the opportunity to better understand the participant’s background, assess their knowledge and skills, and determine their learning expectations.

This lesson introduces the importance of a program design framework. Participants will learn about the different stages of the ADDIM model and how they relate to program design workflow.

The Business Model Canvas is a one page business plan that clearly sets out the nine key elements you need to consider in planning your business. The Business Model Canvas was created in 2010 by Osterwalder and Pigneur. This canvas describes Deep Springs International/Gadyen Dlo market-based approach to deliver a liquid chlorine solution (Gadyen Dlo) to consumers in Haiti.

The Business Model Canvas is a one page business plan that clearly sets out the nine key elements you need to consider in planning your business. The Business Model Canvas was created in 2010 by Osterwalder and Pigneur. This canvas describes Ecofiltro's market-based approach to deliver ceramic pot filters to consumers in Guatemala, Mexico, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica.

The Business Model Canvas is a one page business plan that clearly sets out the nine key elements you need to consider in planning your business. The Business Model Canvas was created in 2010 by Osterwalder and Pigneur. This canvas describes Aqua Clara Kenya's market-based approach to deliver biosand filters and membrane filters, handwashing and safe water storage containers to consumers in Kenya.

The Business Model Canvas is a one page business plan that clearly sets out the nine key elements you need to consider in planning your business. The Business Model Canvas was created in 2010 by Osterwalder and Pigneur. This canvas describes The Safe Water Project's market-based approach to deliver biosand filters and bottle refilling services to consumers in South Sudan, Uganda, and Kenya.

Learn more about this Biosand Filter Project in Colombia.

This Ceramic Pot Filter Production Case Study gives a detailed overview of ceramic filter production in the SPOUTS of Water factory in Uganda. The case study describes how the producer addressed components of establishing and maintaining filter production, and some challenges they have faced.

This Ceramic Pot Filter Production Case Study gives a detailed overview of ceramic filter production in the JiaRun factory in China. The case study describes how the producer addressed components of establishing and maintaining filter production, and some challenges they have faced.

This Ceramic Pot Filter Production Case Study gives a detailed overviews of ceramic filter production in the ASOPAFIN factory in Colombia. The case study describes how the producer addressed components of establishing and maintaining filter production, and some challenges they have faced.

Review the formative research findings and design brief for a behaviour change intervention promoting the behaviours to purchase, use, and maintain a ceramic candle filter in Nepal. The intervention is called, "Take no chances!"

This facilitator (triggerer) toolkit was used for a behaviour change intervention promoting the purchase, use, and maintenance of ceramic candle filter in Nepal. The intervention is called, "Take no chances!"

This facilitator diary was used during a behaviour change intervention to promote the behaviours to purchase, use, and maintain a ceramic candle filter in Nepal. The intervention is called, "Take no chances!"

This ceramic candle filter leaflet to select an appropriate filter was used during a behaviour change intervention to promote the behaviours to purchase, use, and maintain a ceramic candle filter in Nepal. The intervention is called, "Take no chances!"

This ceramic candle filter instructional leaflet includes basic operation and maintenance information. It was used during a behaviour change intervention to promote the behaviours to purchase, use, and maintain a ceramic candle filter in Nepal. The intervention is called, "Take no chances!"

This ceramic candle filter poster for health posts was used during a behaviour change intervention to promote the behaviours to purchase, use, and maintain a ceramic candle filter in Nepal. The intervention is called, "Take no chances!"

This ceramic candle filter poster for villages and shops was used during a behaviour change intervention to promote the behaviours to purchase, use, and maintain a ceramic candle filter in Nepal. The intervention is called, "Take no chances!"

This poster was used to target the motive "affiliation" during a behaviour change intervention to promote the behaviours to purchase, use, and maintain a ceramic candle filter in Nepal. The intervention is called, "Take no chances!"

These contamination cards were used during a behaviour change intervention to promote the behaviours to purchase, use, and maintain a ceramic candle filter in Nepal. The intervention is called, "Take no chances!"

Learn more about this Biosand Filter Project in Colombia.

This video from an HWTS learning exchange in Colombia, 2019, provides a lot of inspiration and insights from participants as they share their experiences implementing HWTS programs.

This video outlines regulatory changes made by the Government of Colombia to enable Household Water Treatment as a method to acheive more universal access to safe drinking water.

The focus of this lesson is to explore the need for household water treatment and different other options. Participants will explore different PoU options for household water treatment.

This is a template of how to display the results of your final evaluations

This manual is for trainers who are interested in delivering training on Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage. It includes lessons plans and guidance on training delivery.

This questionnaire helps the trainer to understand their audience and their level of knowledge pre-workshop

This activity includes full-page titles and images of different options for protecting water through source protection, safe transportation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, and safe storage. These sorting cards are designed to be used for “Sorting Activity: Barriers” in CAWST Lesson Plan: Multi-Barrier Approach.

This document provides suggested activities and questions for daily opening and closing activities.

This presentation is for use with “Lesson Plan: Water Safety Planning and HWTS” in the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) Trainer Manual

This presentation is for use with “Lesson Plan : Behaviour Change and HWTS” in the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) Trainer Manual

This presentation is for use with “Lesson Plan: Drinking Water Quality” in the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) Trainer Manual

This presentation is for use with activities within the following lessons in the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) Trainer Manual: "Lesson Plan: Sedimentation Options," "Lesson Plan: Filtration Options," and "Lesson Plan: Disinfection Options."

This presentation is for use with “Lesson Plan: HWTS Implementation” in the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) Trainer Manual

This presentation is for use with “Lesson Plan: Household Membrane Filters” in the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) Trainer Manual

This presentation is for use with “Lesson Plan: HWTS (What Is It and When Is It Effective?)” in the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) Trainer Manual

This presentation is for use with “Lesson Plan: Selecting HWTS Options” in the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) Trainer Manual

This presentation is for use with “Lesson Plan: Water Quality Testing” in the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) Trainer Manual

This presentation is for use with “Lesson Plan: Global Agenda for Safe Drinking Water” in the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) Trainer Manual

This presentation is for use with “Lesson Plan: Safe Drinking Water” in the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) Trainer Manual.

This presentation is for use with “Lesson Plan: Chlorine Dosing” in the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) Trainer Manual

This workshop outline contains a workshop description, objectives, audience, content and training materials needed for this workshop

These certificate templates can be used for participants upon completing the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage Workshop.

These certificate templates can be used for participants upon completing the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage Workshop.

This handout helps participants organize ideas, record notes, and answer questions throughout the HWTS workshop. It includes a self-assessment table, graphic organizers, and an action planning page. Participants can take this workbook home with them at the end of the workshop, to help them remember what they learned and what they committed to do with their new knowledge and skills.

In this optional lesson, participants learn about different types of membrane filters, and assess the advantages and limitations of selected options. The lesson includes a presentation and group discussion.

In this final lesson, participants assess what they learned, evaluate the workshop, and find out where they can get additional information. Trainers review key concepts, present workshop certificates, and create plans for following up with participants.

In this lesson, participants learn about the six components required for HWTS implementation. They analyze the approaches used in selected HWTS implementation case studies.

In this optional lesson, participants describe how chlorine works to disinfect water. They compare different chlorine products, and they calculate appropriate doses for different scenarios. The lesson includes a presentation, pair work, calculations, and a role play.

In this lesson, participants discuss how water quality testing can contribute to successful HWTS implementation. They discuss how to decide which parameters to measure, and what tools or approaches they can use for water quality testing. This lesson provides a very general introduction to water quality testing.

In this optional lesson, participants describe the process of water safety planning for small communities. Participants explain how HWTS and water safety planning can add value to each other. The lesson includes a presentation, pair work, and personal reflection.

In this lesson, participants identify ways to protect drinking water from contamination through the Multi-Barrier Approach. They list and give examples of the 6 barriers in the Multi-Barrier Approach. The lesson includes group discussion and a sorting activity.

In this lesson, participants read quotes that highlight reasons why behaviour change in HWTS is difficult to achieve. Participants then create strategies to support households as they adopt correct, consistent, and continued use of HWTS. The lesson includes a shot presentation, sorting activity, group work, and individual reflection.

In this lesson, participants learn how to sediment water with and without coagulants. After hands-on practice, they assess the advantages and disadvantages of selected sedimentation options.

In this lesson, participants list criteria to consider when selecting HWTS options. They explain why different user groups prioritize different criteria, and they suggest a process for selecting HWTS options for a given scenario. The lesson includes a presentation, scenario work, and individual reflection.

In this lesson, participants explore different low-cost options for water filtration at a household level. After hands-on practice, they assess the advantages and disadvantages of selected filters.

In this lesson, participants draw a water supply system and identify risks to water safety from the source to the user’s glass.

In this lesson, participants learn about aspects that affect drinking water quality, including: common chemical contaminants, microbiological contaminants, and acceptability aspects. This lesson includes a presentation, role play, disease card activity, and paper cabbage activity.

In this lesson, participants discuss how safe drinking water is defined and measured under the MDGs and SDGs. They use a mapping activity to explore how HWTS contributes to the SDGs. An optional presentation can be added to describe local government standards or regulations.

In this lesson, participants explore different low-cost options for water disinfection at a household level. After hands-on practice, they assess the advantages and disadvantages of selected disinfection options.

In this lesson, participants explain why safe storage and handling of water is important. They brainstorm and demonstrate safe handling and storage practices.

In this lesson, participants define safe drinking water, describe some of the challenges with providing safe drinking water for all, and explain why safe drinking water must be combined with other pillars of WASH. The lesson uses a presentation, quiz, problem tree activity, and group work.

In this lesson, participants learn what is required for HWTS to be effective at improving health. They list possible barriers to correct, consistent, and continued use of HWTS. The lesson includes a presentation, group discussion, debate, and individual reflection.

This lesson opens the workshop and sets the tone for the training and learning environment by using a variety of participatory activities. Participants have an opportunity to meet the trainer, host organization and other participants, as well as create their ground rules for how they are expected to work together during the workshop. The trainer has the opportunity to better understand the participant’s background, assess their knowledge and skills, and determine their learning expectations.

This questionnaire is to be handed out at the end of the workshop to give the trainer constructive feedback on the workshop

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using the kanchan arsenic filter (KAF)

This document contains all of CAWST's one-page fact sheets about Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) products and technologies.

These disease cards give an overview of the distribution, cause, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of common water-related diseases.

This technical brief explains what membrane filters are and how they work. It shows different types of household membrane filters, by pore size, membrane configuration, and container setup. It lists and describes criteria to consider when evaluating whether a membrane filter is appropriate for your context. Finally, it introduces some limitations you should be aware of before using household membrane filters.

This water-related disease card gives an overview of the distribution, cause, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of shigellosis.

This fact sheet describes disinfection of drinking water using Aquatabs.

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using the Uzima Filter UZ1 (membrane filter).

This water-related disease card gives an overview of the distribution, cause, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of cryptosporidium.

This water-related disease card gives an overview of the distribution, cause, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of schistosomiasis.

This water-related disease card gives an overview of the distribution, cause, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of arsenicosis.

This water-related disease card gives an overview of the distribution, cause, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC).

This water-related disease card gives an overview of the distribution, cause, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of ascariasis.

This water-related disease card gives an overview of the distribution, cause, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of giardiasis.

This water-related disease card gives an overview of the distribution, cause, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of cholera.

This water-related disease card gives an overview of the distribution, cause, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of rotavirus.

This water-related disease card gives an overview of the distribution, cause, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of fluorosis.

This water-related disease card gives an overview of the distribution, cause, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of typhoid fever.

This water-related disease card gives an overview of the distribution, cause, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of hepatitis A and E.

This competency assessment tool was designed by CAWST to measure and guide the professional development of BSF Technicians in the area of installation.

This competency assessment tool was designed by CAWST to measure and guide the professional development of BSF Technicians in the area of box construction.

This competency assessment tool was designed by CAWST to measure and guide the professional development of BSF Technicians in the area of sand.

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using a concrete biosand filter.

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using the British Berkefeld Household Filter.

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using the Tulip Table Top Filter (ceramic filter).

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using the Rainfresh P2S Siphon Filter (ceramic filter).

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using the LifeStraw Family 1.0 membrane filter.

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using membrane filters. Refer to other fact sheets for details about specific membrane filter products.

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using the Ceramica Stafani Flex filter.

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using the Grifaid Family Filter.

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using the Tulip Siphon Filter (ceramic filter).

This fact sheet describes disinfection of drinking water using Solvatten (solar pasteurization unit).

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using the Sawyer PointONE membrane filter.

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using the Katadyn Drip ceramic filter.

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using a LifeStraw membrane filter.

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using the Rainfresh MP4U Gravity Filter (ceramic filter).

This fact sheet describes a product for flocculation-disinfection: P&G's Purifier of Water.

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using a Hydraid biosand filter.

This fact sheet describes disinfection of drinking water using NaDCC tablets.

This simplified fact sheet describes disinfection of drinking water by boiling.

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using a ceramic pot filter.

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water by straining through a cloth.

This fact sheet describes disinfection of drinking water using solar distillation.

This simplified fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using a ceramic candle filter.

This fact sheet describes filtration of drinking water using a biosand filter.

This fact sheet describes disinfection of drinking water using SODIS (solar disinfection).

This fact sheet describes sedimentation of drinking water using chemical coagulants.

This fact sheet describes disinfection of drinking water using chlorine.

This fact sheet describes sedimentation of drinking water using natural settling.

This fact sheet describes sedimentation of drinking water using natural coagulants.

This fact sheet describes disinfection of drinking water using solar pasteurization.

In 2011 Samaritan’s purse, in Cambodia, utilized slow sand filtration and BSF principles to develop a filter appropriate for institutional scale use, such as that of schools. In 2012 a standard design was developed and subsequently a performance study was conducted in 2014 affirming the efficacy of the design principles in E.coli removal. Since then, Samaritan’s purse has continued to adapt the standard design in multiple contexts in 8 countries around the world to address biological contamination. In January 2017, Samaritan’s Purse in partnership with CAWST, published “Technical Manual: Intermittently Operated Slow Sand Filtration (iSSF) System” to be used by implementers wanting to use the design. Samaritan’s Purse has surveyed its field staff to provide updated insight on field adaptations of the technology and in this session will reintroduce basic design principles as alignment with the published manual as well as applicable insight gleaned since the January 2016 webinar hosted by CAWST.

Participants explore the different ways to access safe water and discuss unsafe water points that require treatment before drinking.

Participants explore the different ways that water can become contaminated, diseases caused by water contaminants, and explain the different types of pathogens.

In this lesson participants discuss how to treat unsafe water at the household level. They will discuss the different steps of the Multi Barrier Approach (MBA) and will discover the different technology options, their availability and effectiveness for each step.

This lesson will discuss the importance of safe storage of water and characteristics of a safe storage container.

This technical brief introduces and defines household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS). It describes how HWTS systems fit within a multi-barrier approach to safe drinking water. It also discusses the benefits and limitations of HWTS.

This technical brief lists six key components of household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) initiatives, describes why each component is important, and gives examples of ways in which these components can be addressed by HWTS implementers.

This technical brief defines safe drinking water and describes why it is necessary. It discusses some of the most important global goals, declarations, and approaches that have influenced the global agenda for safe drinking water (for example, Millennium Development Goals, water safety planning, the human right to water, and the Sustainable Development Goals). It also briefly describes how household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) can contribute to the global agenda for safe drinking water.

This technical brief gives some steps you can follow to identify, evaluate, and test household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) options with your potential user group. It describes criteria you can use to assess the appropriateness of different HWTS options for your context. It also explains why HWTS selection should take place within a multi-barrier approach to safe drinking water.

This technical brief describes four aspects of drinking water quality: microbiological, chemical, radiological, and acceptability. It gives an overview of the sources, impacts, and household-level treatment options for common microbiological and chemical contaminants. It also discusses factors that affect the acceptability (taste, smell, appearance) of drinking water.

This technical brief describes different types of chlorine products available for household water disinfection, and how chlorine inactivates microorganisms in water. It provides guidelines for chlorine use, including safety considerations and methods for calculating appropriate doses.

This technical brief describes the multi-barrier approach to safe drinking water. It lists the most common causes of contamination at the source, during transportation and during storage. It also describes actions you or the community you work with can take to improve drinking water safety. These include practices for source protection, safe water transportation, household water treatment, and safe storage.

Ecofiltro is a social enterprise that set a goal in 2010 of reaching 1 million families in rural Guatemala with a clean water solution by the year 2020. A cross subsidy strategy was setup whereby urban filters were used to subsidize rural sales. From the beginning, the rural poor were viewed as potential customers as opposed to objects of pity. A low price point was set to make the water filters very attractive by having a 3 month or less payback. The strategy started with a focus on community entrepreneurs as primary sales agents and has evolved to making schools in the countryside the main channel to selling filters to parents of school children. Financing models were setup and tweaked and today Ecofiltro has reached over 250,000 paying customers in rural Guatemala. The model is now being exported to Mexico and the rest of Central America.

The public health consequences of chemical exposure are now comparable to or greater than those of widespread infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. However, despite large human and economic costs, chemical pollution of the environment and water sources has been overlooked in the WASH development agenda. Chemical pollution control currently receives less than 0.5% of global development spending. Biomass char (biochar) has shown promise as a low-cost adsorbent for uptake of SOCs from drinking water that can be generated using local resources in developing communities.

On the Pacific Islands, fresh water is scarce. Rainwater is a main water source of drinking water and other critical needs. This session will address how reliable, sustainable supplies of quality, drinkable rainwater can be achieved in an economically feasible fashion.

Explores different ways to access the existing potentials to start or re-start a RWH project

This participant List template is a tool that will help you keep a database of participant information

These four agendas provide suggestions for how trainers can structure their HWTS workshops, with options ranging from 2 days to 3.5 days. Lesson plans and training resources can be found in the Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage Workshop Toolkit.

This case study describes Water School Uganda (WSU)'s implementation of SODIS in Uganda.

This case study describes ENPHO and EcoConcern's implementation of Piyush chlorine solution in Nepal.

This case study describes Aqua Clara Kenya's household water treatment initiatives in Kenya.

In this lesson, participants study how to use chlorine to treat their drinking water. This lesson will also focus on how a Community WASH Promoter can verify that a household is using chlorine correctly, consistently, and continually.

Participants will explore how water gets contaminated by building a model of a watershed and discussing the impact of agriculture, industry, poor sanitation, and pollution on water quality. They will discuss how human activities are causes of water contamination.

In this lesson, participants will study how to use and maintain a ceramic pot filter. This lesson will also focus on how a Community WASH Promoter can verify that a household is using a ceramic pot filter correctly, consistently, and continually.

This lesson focuses on the use of SODIS to treat water. This lesson will also focus on how a Community WASH Promoter can verify that a household is using SODIS correctly, consistently, and continually.

In this lesson, participants will look at how to use and maintain a biosand filter. This lesson will also focus on how a Community WASH Promoter can verify that a household is using their filter correctly, consistently, and continually.

In this lesson, participants will study how to use and maintain a ceramic candle filter. This lesson will also focus on how a Community WASH Promoter can verify that a household is using their filter correctly, consistently, and continually.

In this lesson, participants explore how households can use the multi-barrier approach to ensure they are drinking safe water. The lesson will cover source protection, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, and safe storage

This lesson focuses on keeping water safe from re-contamination. It covers safe storage, as well as safe handling of clean water.

This technical manual, written by Samaritan's Purse Canada and CAWST, is a guide for potential implementers of the intermittently operated slow sand filter (iSSF, also called the school biosand filter). This manual outlines principles and best practices for adapting, installing, commissioning and maintaining the filtration system.

This case study describes Ecofiltro's implementation of ceramic pot filters in Guatemala

The most important part of the biosand filter is the filter sand. It is the sand that does the actual work of removing dangerous pathogens from the water. Biosand filters can come in all shapes and sizes, with filter containers successfully being made from concrete, plastic, PVC, ferrocement, sheet metal, and other materials. However, if the sand is not right, the filter will not work. This webinar goes over the most important aspects about filter sand, reviews the latest research, and addresses common questions and challenges people run into in their projects.

This Technical Brief introduces the importance of water safety planning for small communities. It describes the benefits of including household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) in a water safety plan (WSP), and explains how the WSP approach can improve HWTS implementation. It also provides an overview of the six water safety planning tasks for small communities, with considerations for integrating HWTS throughout the tasks.

A video recording of the webinar on December 8, 2015 - Household Water Treatment and Storage - After the Nepal 2015 Earthquake. Arinita Maskey Shrestha and Tai Ring Teh of UNICEF discuss Household Water Treatment implementation in Nepal after the 2015 earthquake.

This Technical Brief introduces the importance of point-of-use (POU) water treatment in non-household settings. These institutions include schools, health care facilities, workplaces, temporary use settings (e.g., restaurants, markets, places of worship, public facilities), mass gatherings (e.g., public events, festivals), and dislocated populations (e.g., refugee camps, prisons).

Justine Rayner of Tufts University discusses the need for and development of a scheme for evaluating quality at ceramic pot filter factories.

Kaira Wagoner of Potters for Peace presentation on the challenges and successes of production, plans for innovation moving forward, and ongoing research to expand the ceramic pot filter’s capacities.

Using chlorine is a good way to disinfect your water.

Good maintenance practices of the biosand filter will ensure good quality water.

Boiling is a good way to disinfect your water.

Solar disinfection (SODIS) is a good way to disinfect your water.

The biosand filter can provide good quality water.

Maintain your ceramic pot filter to ensure good quality water.

Using a safe storage container and cleaning it regularly will protect your treated water.

CAWST, Edema Ojomo and Mark Elliot presentation slides from a one-hour Q&A-style webinar discussing their latest paper on HWTS: "Sustainability and scale-up of household water treatment and safe storage practices: Enablers and barriers to effective implementation" Edema Ojomo, Mark Elliott, Lorelei Goodyear, Michael Forson, Jamie Bartram http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438463915000255

This introductory webinar presented: (1) Different technologies available for Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS). (2) Four main criteria for evaluating HWTS technologies - Effectiveness, appropriateness, acceptability and cost. (3) How to evaluate and select the most appropriate technology for specific scenarios.

This fact sheet describes the chemical parameter of pH in drinking water, WHO guidelines and treatment options.

This fact sheet describes the chemical chlorine and its use in water, health effects, WHO guidelines and treatment options.

This fact sheet describes the sources of manganese in water, health effects, WHO guidelines and treatment options.

This fact sheet describes the sources of fluoride in water, health effects, WHO guidelines and treatment options.

This fact sheet describes the sources of total dissolved solids in water, health effects, WHO guidelines and treatment options.

This fact sheet describes the sources of arsenic in water, health effects, WHO guidelines and treatment options.

These fact sheets describe the sources of chemicals in water, health effects, WHO guidelines and treatment options.

This fact sheet describes the sources of nitrate and nitrite in water, health effects, WHO guidelines and treatment options.

This fact sheet describes the sources of iron in water, health effects, WHO guidelines and treatment options.

These fact sheets describe technologies that remove arsenic from drinking water using sorption.

Maintain your ceramic candle filter to ensure good quality water.

The ceramic candle filter can provide good quality water.

Natural settling can be used to help remove sediment from your water.

Use a cloth filter to provide better quality water.

The ceramic pot filter can provide good quality water.

Different chemicals can be used to help remove sediment from your water.

Some products treat your water by sedimenting and disinfecting your water at the same time.

You can have good water if you from protect the water source, treat your water and store your treated water safely.

Treated water should be stored properly to keep it safe (good and bad storage containers).

This technical brief is for people who are interested in the implementation of Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) in emergencies.

This case study describes DSI's implementation of chlorine in an emergency setting in Haiti.

This case study describes DSI's implementation of chlorine in an emergency setting in Haiti.

This document contains all the CAWST fact sheets about Arsenic Removal for drinking water.

This case study describes ThirstAid's implementation of Ceramic Filters in Myanmar.

This case study describes RDI's implementation of Ceramic Filters in Cambodia.

This case study describes PSI's implementation of Chlorine in Myanmar.

This case study describes Clear Cambodia's implementation of Biosand Filters in Cambodia.

This case study describes Aqua Clara International's implementation of Biosand Filters in Kenya.

This case study describes Tearfund's implementation of Biosand Filters in Afghanistan.

These fact sheets describe technologies that remove arsenic from drinking water using oxidation.

These fact sheets describe technologies that remove fluoride from drinking water using activated alumina.

These fact sheets describe technologies that remove fluoride from drinking water using contact precipitation.

These fact sheets describe technologies that remove fluoride from drinking water using clay.

These fact sheets describe technologies that remove fluoride from drinking water using bone char.

This document contains all of CAWST's factsheets on technologies that remove fluoride from drinking water.

These fact sheets describe technologies that remove fluoride from drinking water using the Nalgonda Technique.

Different seeds can be used to help remove sediment from your water.

Prickly pear cactus can be used to help remove sediment from your water.

This case study describes ENPHO's implementation of Chlorine in Nepal.

This case study describes Aman Titra's implementation of Chlorine in Indonesia.

This document summarized published studies and information about fluoride contamination and treatment for drinking water.

This document summarizes published studies and information about arsenic contamination and treatment for drinking water.

There are water, sanitation and hygiene practices that will protect your family.